Increased uric acid levels in the body can lead to problems like joint pain, arthritis, and kidney stones. Learn about its causes and the diet you should follow to control it.

Causes of increased uric acid

Uric acid is a naturally occurring substance produced in our bodies. When the body digests certain foods, especially meat and fish, which contain purines, uric acid is produced. It usually travels through the bloodstream to the kidneys and is excreted in urine. Excessive uric acid production can lead to hyperuricemia. This increased uric acid can lead to arthritis, joint pain, kidney stones, or even heart problems.  

Causes of increased uric acid

The main cause of increased uric acid is believed to be the excessive breakdown of a protein called purine in the body and the kidneys' inability to filter it properly. This is primarily due to red meat, seafood, alcohol, insufficient water intake, obesity, high blood pressure, excess iron, high blood glucose, or diabetes. Excessive consumption of alcohol and beer can also cause a rapid increase in uric acid, and sometimes certain medications (such as diuretics) can also cause it.

Symptoms of increased uric acid

High uric acid levels can cause sudden, severe joint pain, swelling, and redness in the big toe (gout), stiffness in movement, and frequent kidney stones. Symptoms include joint lumps (tophi), burning sensations when urinating, and persistent muscle weakness. Fatigue, weakness, fever, and frequent thirst can also be signs of high uric acid levels.

What should the diet be like?

If uric acid levels rise, adopt a low-purine diet. Avoid red meat, organ meats, seafood, alcohol, sweets, and some pulses (pigeon pea, lentils, and black gram), which are high in purines. Instead, include vitamin C-rich fruits (cherries, lemons, oranges), low-fat dairy products, plenty of water, and fiber-rich vegetables, which help lower uric acid. Also, consume whole grains like oats, brown rice, and barley. Coffee and green tea in moderation may also be beneficial.