Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common problem that affects about 10% of women of reproductive age. Although the reasons behind its occurrence have not been ascertained. But its symptoms include irregular periods due to hormonal imbalance, metabolic problems such as insulin resistance, acne on the skin, and excessive hair growth. Due to this many women have difficulty conceiving.

Dr. Aastha Dayal, Director- Obstetrics and Gynecology, CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram says, PCOS is a major cause of infertility in women. Although it cannot be completely cured. But it is possible to control its symptoms with treatment so that there is no problem in conceiving.

How does PCOS affect fertility?

The hormonal imbalances associated with PCOS, including high levels of insulin and androgen, interfere with ovulation. This causes irregular or intermittent periods. This then impairs the process of making and releasing eggs, which is very important for conceiving.

30 percent of women are unable to conceive
For women with PCOS who do not have regular ovulation, the chances of pregnancy are reduced. About 30% of women with PCOS have difficulty conceiving due to these ovulation abnormalities. Apart from this, a major feature of PCOS is insulin resistance, which increases hormonal imbalance and can cause other diseases like diabetes, obesity, and high blood pressure, which complicate fertility and general health.

How to manage PCOS
- Taking a nutritious diet is essential. Take a low-carbohydrate diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, and healthy fats. This increases overall hormonal balance by aiding in managing weight and insulin levels.

- Regular exercise such as brisk walking or swimming can help in losing weight, reducing insulin resistance, and controlling hormone levels. Do at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise three to five times a week.

- Reducing stress through yoga or meditation may have a beneficial effect on fertility. Reducing stress contributes to general well-being and hormone balance.

Medical Treatment for PCOS

Metformin- This medication promotes better ovulation, and regular menstrual cycles and helps control insulin resistance.

Medications for ovulation induction- Drugs such as letrozole or clomiphene citrate promote the development and release of eggs. These should be taken cautiously due to risks such as ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies.

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF)- These techniques are used to increase the chances of women with PCOS becoming mothers, especially when lifestyle changes and medications are insufficient.

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