There has been a global threat of various types of mosquito-borne diseases, malaria is one such serious disease that causes the death of millions of people every year. Malaria is a type of parasitic disease, which is spread by the bite of infected mosquitoes.
According to statistics, every year lakhs of people die due to malaria. According to the report of the World Health Organization (WHO), 6.08 lakh people died of malaria in the year 2022, which was slightly less than the 6.10 lakh deaths that occurred in the last year 2021. In India too, a large number of malaria cases have been reported every year.
World Malaria Day is celebrated every year on 25 April to emphasize efforts to control malaria disease across the world and make people aware of prevention. This year the theme of Malaria Day is Health Equality, Gender, and Human Rights.
Health experts say that it is important for all people to keep making efforts to prevent this mosquito-borne disease. Is there any vaccine available to stay safe from malaria and how can this disease be avoided, let us know about it.
Malaria is caused by the bite of infected mosquitoes
The disease spreads to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. This infection is not passed from one person to another, although in rare cases, the disease can be passed from an infected pregnant woman to her baby before or during birth. Health experts say, malaria can be fatal, especially in African countries, where the death rate is high. WHO estimates that about 94% of malaria deaths occur in Africa alone, mostly in children under 5 years of age.
What are the symptoms of malaria?
The signs and symptoms of malaria are usually similar to those of the flu. In this, the patient may suffer from fever, sweating, chills, headache and muscle pain, fatigue, difficulty in breathing, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. As malaria progresses, it can also cause anemia and jaundice. In the most severe cases of malaria, the risk of coma has also been seen.
Health experts say that this disease can happen to anyone, hence prevention is very important for everyone.
Protection from mosquitoes is very important
Health experts say, that if you live in areas where malaria cases are high then measures to avoid mosquito bites are very important. Malaria mosquitoes are most active between dusk and dawn. To protect yourself from mosquito bites, wear full-sleeved shirts and clothing that covers your body well. The use of mosquito nets while sleeping is considered to be the most effective method.
What malaria vaccines are available?
Vaccines are available to prevent malaria and the serious health problems it causes. The World Health Organization says that malaria vaccines should be given to children in countries where malaria cases are being reported more frequently. WHO has also recommended a new vaccine, R21/Matrix-M, for the prevention of malaria in children in October 2023. These vaccines are safe and effective in preventing malaria. The health organization believes that vaccination can reduce the death rate due to malaria every year.
(PC: ISTOCK)
