Diabetes and Fasting: Fasting during Ramadan is religiously important. However, it can be challenging for those with diabetes. Let's learn how to stay safe.

Can diabetic patients fast during Ramadan?

Can People with Type 2 Diabetes Fast During Ramadan? Fasting during Ramadan is extremely important, but for people with diabetes, observing it requires careful consideration. With proper preparation, a balanced diet, adequate water, and a doctor's advice, many people can safely fast. Unplanned fasting and thirst for long periods can cause sudden spikes or drops in blood sugar, lead to dehydration, and create complications.

What do experts say?

Dr. Anshul Singh told TOI that it's essential to consult a doctor before starting a fast. Regular blood sugar checks are equally important, preventing the fast from being broken. Sudden drops or spikes in blood sugar levels are detected early. According to diabetologist Dr. Rajeev Kovil, "risk stratification" is essential. People with well-controlled type 2 diabetes can fast under medical supervision. However, patients with kidney disease, heart disease, heart failure, pregnancy, or a recent infection should avoid fasting. Medication changes may also be necessary, especially if the patient is taking insulin or sulfonylureas. The morning dose can be reduced or shifted to the evening to prevent blood sugar from dropping too low.

What things should you keep in mind?

The Sehri meal should be balanced, including slowly digestible carbohydrates, adequate protein, and fiber. For example, boiled egg with oats upma, gram flour cheela with yogurt, grilled chicken and millet roti, or vegetable omelette. Avoid salty and overly sweet foods, as these increase thirst and can lead to a rapid sugar spike. Break the fast gradually at Iftar. Dates are part of the tradition, but include them in your carbohydrate count. Start with a date and water, then have a light soup afterward. Half your plate should consist of non-starchy vegetables, a quarter of protein such as chicken, fish, lentils, and a quarter of whole grains. Avoid fried foods and excessive sweets, as these can cause a rapid sugar spike at night.

A blood glucose check is necessary

Dr. David Chandy explains that it's important to check blood glucose several times a day, including before Sehri, in the afternoon, in the evening, and two hours after Iftar. If sugar levels drop below 70 mg/dL or exceed 300 mg/dL, or if there are symptoms of dizziness, sweating, weakness, or dehydration, the fast should be broken immediately. Hydration is also crucial. Drink 8 to 10 glasses of fluids between Iftar and Sehri, with lemonade, infused water, buttermilk, soup, or herbal tea being the best options. Limit caffeine. Experts say that Ramadan and diabetes can coexist, but proper preparation, balance, and medical supervision are essential.